Mga Sanggunian sa Talmud para sa Mga Kawikaan 9:5: Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot, Chagigah & Berakhot

Rebbi Zeïra in the name of Rav Abba bar Jeremiah: A person may not enter a cemetery and relieve himself there.¹⁴²The connection with the preceding section is that this is a statement of Rebbi Zeïra in the name of Rav Abba bar Jeremiah, and it speaks about relieving oneself. When he did it anyway, about him the verse says (Prov. 17:5) “He who makes fun of the poor blasphemes his Maker.”¹⁴³He who relieves himself in the cemetery makes fun of the dead two-fold; first he shows his contempt for the dead and then he does something that the dead can do no more. Even graveside sermons are unacceptable in Judaism since the dead can no longer have any Torah thoughts. Clarification: The great Rebbi Ḥiyya and Rebbi Jonathan¹⁴⁴The greatest of the preachers of the first generation of Amoraïm, student of R. Simeon bar Yose bar Laqonia, a preacher of the last generation of Tannaïm who was the brother-in-law of the son of R. Simeon bar Yoḥai. were walking before the bier of Rebbi Simeon bar Yose bar Laqonia when Rebbi Jonathan stepped over his grave. The great Rebbi Ḥiyya said to him: About that they will say, tomorrow they will be with us but they hurt us. He answered him, do they know anything? Is it not written: (Prov. 9:5) “But the dead do not know anything.” He told him: you know how to read, you do not know how to preach. (Prov. 9:5) “The living know that they will die”, these are the Just who even in death are considered living; “but the dead do not know anything;” these are the wicked who even in life are called dead. From where that the wicked even in life are called dead? It is said (Ez. 18:32) “For I have no pleasure in the death of the dead;” how can a dead person die? But these are the wicked who even in life are called dead. And from where that the Just even in death are considered living? It is written (Deut. 34:4) “And He said to him: This is the land I had sworn to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to tell.” Why does the verse say “to tell”? He said to him: go and tell the patriarchs that all I had promised I fulfilled to your descendants after you.

"Every stay of bread"-- these are the masters of Talmud, as it is said, "Come, eat of my bread, and drink of the wine which I have mingled (Proverbs 9:5)." "And every stay of water"-- these are the masters of Aggadah, who draw the heart of a man like water through Aggadah. "The mighty man"-- this is a master of oral tradition. "And warrior"-- this is one who knows how to converse in the battle (ie. fierce discussion) of Torah. "Judge"-- this is one who judges a truthful judgement. "Prophet"-- its plain meaning. "Sorcerer"-- this is a king, as it is said, "There is charm on the lips of a king (Proverbs 16:10)." "Elder"-- this is one who is worthy to sit in judgement. "Captain of fifty"-- do not read 'Captain of fifty', but rather 'Captain of the five', [and so] this is one who knows how to converse in the five books of Torah.

disciple of the wise, it is always a good omen ; as it is said, "Come, eat of my bread, and drink of the wine which I have mingled" (ibid, ix. 5).